NATO talks with Finland, Sweden falter but will continue
The two Nordic nations studiously maintained their military nonalignment for decades, but Russia’s invasion of Ukraine swiftly changed attitudes.
BRUSSELS — NATO envoys failed to reach a consensus Wednesday on whether to start membership talks with Finland and Sweden, diplomats said, as Turkey renewed its objections to the two Nordic countries joining.
The envoys met at alliance headquarters in Brussels after Finland and Sweden’s ambassadors submitted written applications to join the military organization, in a move that marks one of the biggest geopolitical ramifications of Russia’s war against Ukraine — and which could rewrite Europe’s security map.
The diplomats, who did not want to be named because of the sensitive nature of the proceedings, declined to say who or what was holding up the procedure. They pointed to the messages from many of the 30 NATO allies welcoming the requests from Finland and Sweden.
Lithuanian Ambassador Deividas Matulionis told Swedish and Finnish media that the envoys had exchanged views about their mutual national security. “The discussion was about that, but it is up to Turkey to comment,†he said.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization officials also refused to provide details. They underscored remarks earlier Wednesday by Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg that “we are determined to work through all issues and reach a rapid conclusion.†Meetings and diplomatic outreach aimed at resolving the problem will continue.
Finland has long seen Russia as a threat. Now politicians and ordinary Finns are saying it aloud.
President Biden voiced optimism on the matter Wednesday.
“I think we’re going to be OK,†he said.
Turkey is the only ally to have clearly voiced its opposition — and while Croatia’s president on Wednesday suggested his country could do the same to secure a trade-off from Western powers, he’s unlikely to derail the Croatian government’s support for the Nordic pair’s NATO accession.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan insists Finland and Sweden must show more respect for Turkish sensitivities about terrorism. He is refusing to budge over what he says is their support for Kurdish militants.
Erdogan accuses the two countries of turning a blind eye to activities of the banned Kurdistan Workers Party, or PKK, even though the group is on the European Union’s anti-terrorism blacklist.
“You will not hand over terrorists to us, but you will ask us to allow you to join NATO. NATO is a security entity.... Therefore, we cannot say ‘yes’ to depriving this security organization of security,†he said Wednesday.
Croatian President Zoran Milanovic said his country should follow suit. He is feuding with Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic on domestic issues.
“We should follow Turkey’s example,†Milanovic said. “Turkey will sell its NATO status at a high price.â€
After months of a devastating siege, the city of Mariupol is now in Russian hands as Moscow’s forces concentrate their attacks elsewhere.
Before Croatia’s lawmakers ratify the Nordic pair’s NATO bid, Milanovic — a socialist — wants a change of neighboring Bosnia-Herzegovina’s electoral law in favor of Bosnian Croats. But Plenkovic’s conservative party enjoys a small majority over the socialists in parliament and would probably carry the vote on the Nordic countries’ NATO bids.
The day had started off on an upbeat note in Brussels. Stoltenberg had said the military alliance stands ready to seize a historic moment and move quickly on allowing Finland and Sweden to join its ranks, after the two countries submitted their membership requests.
The official applications set a security clock ticking. Russia, whose war on Ukraine spurred Finland and Sweden to seek alliance membership, has warned that it wouldn’t welcome such a move, and could respond.
“I warmly welcome the requests by Finland and Sweden to join NATO. You are our closest partners,“ Stoltenberg said. “We all agree that we must stand together, and we all agree that this is an historic moment which we must seize.
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“This is a good day at a critical moment for our security,†a beaming Stoltenberg said, as he stood alongside the two envoys, with NATO, Finnish and Swedish flags behind them.
Russian President Vladimir Putin has demanded that the alliance stop expanding toward his nation’s borders, and several allies, led by the United States and Britain, have signaled that they stand ready to provide security support to Finland and Sweden should the Kremlin try to provoke or destabilize them during the time it takes to become full members.
The countries will only benefit from NATO’s Article 5 security guarantee — the part of the alliance’s founding treaty that pledges that any attack on one member would be considered an attack against them all — once the membership ratification process is concluded, probably in a few months.
A senior U.S. Defense official said the Pentagon is having ongoing discussions with Sweden and Finland on their security needs to deter Russia as they move toward NATO membership.
As the war enters a ‘protracted phase,’ Ukrainian troops seized in Mariupol face interrogation while a Russian soldier pleads guilty to war crimes.
The official, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss private Pentagon discussions, said that Defense Secretary Lloyd J. Austin III met with Swedish Defense Minister Peter Hultqvist on Wednesday and that they spoke about the interim period.
White House national security advisor Jake Sullivan said Wednesday that the U.S. and European allies are “prepared to send a very clear message ... that we will not tolerate any aggression against Finland or Sweden†until NATO’s Article 5 kicks in for them.
Sullivan also said Biden asked his national security team and Cabinet about the risks and benefits of Finland and Sweden joining NATO, and they “unanimously†supported backing the move as both countries are proven “highly capable security partners.â€
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson welcomed the Nordic applications in a tweet and said that “Putin’s appalling ambitions have transformed the geopolitical contours of our continent.†Germany, Italy, the Baltic states and the Czech Republic all spoke favorably about the candidates.
The membership process usually takes eight to 12 months, but NATO wants to move more quickly given the threat from Russia hanging over the Nordic countries.
Public opinion in Finland and Sweden has shifted massively in favor of membership since Russia invaded Ukraine on Feb. 24.
Finland and Sweden cooperate closely with NATO. They have functioning democracies, well-funded armed forces and contribute to the alliance’s military operations and air policing.
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